From this list patients will have a sense of what medical specialty they should look for. In the guide are the main specialties that are currently recognized in Brazil by the Federal Council of Medicine. The medical specialties are arranged in alphabetical order and present a general explanation of the area of practice of each medical specialty.
Acupuncture: branch of traditional Chinese medicine that uses energy points present on the body surface to treat the most various diseases, mobilizes these energy points with the use of needles. Very used in the treatment of chronic pain.
Allergology and Immunology: diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases and the immune system.
Anesthesiology: study of pain and anesthesia.
Angiology: is the area of medicine that studies the treatment of diseases of the circulatory system, treatment of veins and arteries.
Cancerology or Oncology: is the specialty that studies malignant tumors or cancer.
Cardiology: study of heart-related diseases.
Cardiovascular Surgery: Surgical treatment of heart disease.
Hand Surgery: surgical treatment of hand diseases.
Head and Neck Surgery: surgical treatment of diseases of the head and neck.
Digestive System Surgery: it acts in the surgery of the organs of the digestive tract, as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver and bile ducts, and pancreas.
General surgery: is the area that encompasses all surgical areas. It can be divided into several sub-specialties.
Pediatric surgery: General surgery in children.
Plastic surgery: treatment for correction of deformities, malformation or lesions that compromise the functions of the organs through repairing surgery. Aesthetic surgeries.
Thoracic surgery: it acts in the surgery that involves the rib cage, mainly surgery of the lungs.
Vascular surgery: treatment of veins and arteries through surgery.
Medical Clinic or Internal Medicine: it is the area that encompasses all non-surgical areas, being subdivided into several other specialties.
Coloproctology or Proctology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats problems of the large intestine (colon), sigmoid and diseases of the rectum, anal canal and anus.
Dermatology: is the study of the skin, skin attachments and their diseases.
Endocrinology and Metabolism: is the treatment of glands and dysfunctions of hormones.
Endoscopy: medical diagnosis through endoscopy.
Abdominal Surgery: surgical treatment of diseases related to the abdomen.
Gastroenterology: is the treatment of the digestive system.
Medical genetics: is the study of genes and their role in the inheritance of paternal and maternal characteristics by the offspring. The major question of genetics these days and of medicine in general are stem cells and human cloning.
Geriatrics: is the study of diseases of the elderly.
Gynecology and Obstetrics: is the study of the female reproductive system. And follow-up and treatment in gestation and delivery.
Hematology and Hemotherapyis the study of the figurative elements (cells) of the blood (red blood cells, leucocytes, platelets) and the production of these elements in the hematopoietic organs (bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes). Diseases: Anemias.
Homeopathy: is the medical practice based on the Law of Similar. Homeopathic remedies are used to treat the most diverse diseases and diseases.
Infectology: study of the causes and treatments of infections (caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi).
Mastology: treatment of breast diseases.
Family and Community Medicine: it is the area of medicine that proposes to study the individual while being inserted in a family and community context, namely integrated in his family. It seeks to understand how this individual relates to social groups and studies the diseases that affect him through this prism. It works preferentially with prevention activities, but also of a general approach medicine. Ideally it manages to solve the vast majority of diseases of high prevalence, its main object.
Work Medicine: deals with diseases caused by or related to work.
Traffic Medicine: maintenance of the physical, psychological and social well-being of the human being who moves, whatever the medium that facilitates their mobility, also taking care of the interactions of this displacement and the mechanisms that provide it with man.
Sports Medicine: deals with the athlete's approach in a global way, his areas extend from the physiology of the exercise to the prevention of injuries, passing through the training control and resolution of any and all health problems that involve the practitioner of sport or simply, exercise physicist.
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: diagnosis and therapy of different entities such as traumatic diseases, central and peripheral nervous system, ortho-trauma, cardio-respiratory.
Intensive Care Medicine: it is the branch of medicine that deals with the care of the seriously or unstable patients, who uses a greater number of technological and human resources in the treatment of diseases or complications of diseases, gathering knowledge of most medical specialties and other areas of health.
Legal Medicine (or forensic medicine): it is the specialty that applies the medical knowledge to the interests of Justice, the elaboration of laws and the adequate characterization of the biological phenomena that may be of interest to the authorities in the sense of law enforcement. Thus Legal Medicine characterizes the corporal injury, the death (its cause, the moment in which it occurred, that agent produced it), the drunkenness by the alcohol or the other drugs, the sexual violence of any nature, etc.
Nuclear medicine: is the image study or therapy by the use of radiopharmaceuticals.
Preventive and Social Medicine: it is dedicated to the prevention of the disease instead of its treatment.
Nephrology: is the part of medicine that studies and clinically treats diseases of the kidney.
Neurosurgery: it acts in the treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system that can be approached surgically.
Neurology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats the nervous system.
Nutrology: diagnosis, prevention and treatment of eating disorders.
Ophthalmology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats eye disorders.
Orthopedics and Traumatology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats diseases of the locomotor system and fractures.
Otolaryngology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats diseases of the ear, nose, throat, paranasal sinuses, pharynx and larynx.
Pathology: (derived from the Greek pathos, suffering, disease, and lodge, science, study) is the study of diseases in general under certain aspects. It involves both basic science and practice.
Pediatrics: it is the part of medicine that studies and treats the developing being, children.
Neonatology: is the branch of Pediatrics that studies and cares for newborns, from birth to 28 days of age. It is a branch of pediatrics.
Pneumology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats the respiratory system.
Psychiatry: is the part of medicine that prevents and treats emotional and behavioral mental disorders. Diseases: Depression.
Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging: performance and interpretation of imaging tests such as X-ray, ultrasonography, color Doppler, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, among others.
Radiotherapy: Treatment employed in various diseases, with the use of x-ray or other form of radiant energy.
Rheumatology: is the medical specialty that deals with diseases of connective tissue, joints and autoimmune diseases. Unlike the common sense Rheumatologist does not only treat "rheumatism".
Urology: is the part of medicine that studies and treats the problems of the urinary system and the male reproductive system surgically and clinically.
