O treatment for hypotension depends on the causes, characteristics and severity of the symptoms presented by the patient. People with hypotension who do not manifest symptoms and do not have any underlying disease do not need treatment.
When treatment is necessary, there are several groups of medicines capable of slightly increasing blood pressure, alleviating the symptoms of hypotension and preventing dizziness. Some of them:
- Sympathomimetics (epinephrine, amethionate methylsulfate, midodrine, norfenefrin, foledrin and oxylophrine): They are often used in the treatment of hypotension, increasing the blood return to the heart and stimulating the heart beat. Possible side effects include: tachycardia, micturition disorders, and heart rhythm disturbances;
- Fludrocortisone: It acts on the kidneys, preventing salt and water from being eliminated, leading to an increase in blood volume and consequently blood pressure. It is mainly used in patients with orthostatic hypotension;
- Dihydroergotamine: It is a vasoconstrictor that contracts the large veins, thus improving the blood return to the heart and preventing circulatory problems upon rising. It is indicated mainly in cases of orthostatic hypotension;
- Erythropoietin: It stimulates the maturation of red blood cells in the bone marrow, which are the cells responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood. It may decrease the symptoms of severe orthostatic hypotension.
However, all treatment for hypotension involving medications may Side effects undesirable arterial hypertension, for example. Thus, it is recommended to first try to reduce the symptoms of hypotension without medication.
Some measures that can help control the symptoms in cases of sudden drop in blood pressure:
- Lie down in a comfortable position;
- Raise your feet so that they are higher than the heart and head;
- Drink plenty of liquid with small sips, giving preference to juices, in case you have not eaten anything in a long time.
If these measures do not relieve symptoms within 15 minutes, the person should be taken to a hospital quickly.
Treatment of hypotension is the responsibility of the cardiologist.
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